How to Improve the Screening Efficiency of the Garbage Air Separator

1). Equipment parameter optimization

1. Wind speed adjustment

Wind speed is a key parameter of the air separator. For different types and densities of garbage, appropriate wind speed is required to achieve effective separation. For example, lighter garbage such as plastic film and paper usually requires a lower wind speed (such as 3-5m/s) to suspend and sort it out; while for some heavier wood fragments with a certain surface area, the wind speed may need to be appropriately increased to 6-8m/s. Through precise wind speed control, it can be ensured that various types of garbage are sorted under the action of appropriate wind force.

Multi-level wind speed sorting can also be used. Set different wind speeds in different areas of the air separator to gradually separate the garbage according to weight and shape. For example, set a higher wind speed at the entrance to blow up the lighter garbage first, and then gradually reduce the wind speed in subsequent areas to separate the heavier garbage in turn, which can improve the accuracy and efficiency of separation.

2. Feed speed control

It is crucial to reasonably control the feed speed. If the feeding speed is too fast, the garbage stays in the air separator for too short a time, and the wind force does not have time to fully act on the garbage, resulting in poor sorting effect. Generally speaking, the feeding speed should be kept within a stable range according to the model and processing capacity of the air separator. For example, for a small garbage air separator, the feeding speed may be controlled at 1-2 tons/hour, so that the garbage has enough time to be sorted in the wind field.

A variable frequency feeding device can be installed to adjust the feeding speed in real time according to the type of garbage and the working status of the air separator. When dealing with some more complex and mixed garbage, the feeding speed should be appropriately reduced; while for garbage with relatively single components and easy to sort, the feeding speed can be appropriately increased.

3. Adjustment of the angle of the air separator

The installation angle of the air separator will affect the movement trajectory of the garbage in the machine. Generally speaking, the inclination angle of the air separator can be adjusted between 10-30 degrees. The appropriate inclination angle helps the garbage to pass through the air separator smoothly under the combined action of wind and gravity, and can extend the residence time of the garbage in the wind field. For example, when the inclination angle is about 15 degrees, the movement speed of the garbage in the air separator is moderate, and it will neither slide out too quickly nor accumulate in the machine, which is conducive to improving the screening efficiency.

2). Garbage pretreatment

1. Crushing treatment

Before the garbage enters the air separator, crushing the garbage can increase the surface area of the garbage, so that the wind can act on the garbage more effectively. For example, for some large block garbage, such as old furniture, after it is crushed into smaller pieces, different materials such as the wood part and the fabric part are easier to be separated in the air separator. The size of the crushed garbage is generally controlled at about 5-10cm, which is more suitable. In this way, it will not be difficult to sort because the particles are too small, nor will it affect the effect of wind force because the particles are too large.

2. Classification pre-sorting

Preliminary manual or mechanical sorting can remove some large foreign objects that obviously do not meet the requirements of air separation or garbage that can be simply distinguished. For example, before the garbage enters the air separator, some oversized construction waste, such as large pieces of concrete, is first screened out through a mechanical grille. At the same time, magnetic separation equipment can be used to pre-separate ferromagnetic materials, which can reduce the interference of these materials on the air separator and improve the screening efficiency of the air separator for other garbage.

3). Equipment maintenance and upgrade

1. Regular cleaning and maintenance

The air duct, screen and other components inside the air separator need to be cleaned regularly. Since the garbage may contain dust, fiber and other substances, it is easy to accumulate in the air duct, affecting the uniformity of the wind force. Cleaning the air duct regularly (for example, once a week) can ensure the stable output of wind force. For the screen, check whether there is any blockage or damage, clean the blockage in time or replace the damaged screen to ensure that the garbage can pass through the screen smoothly for sorting.

2. Technology upgrade

The control system of the air separator can be upgraded to adopt more advanced sensors and automatic control technology. For example, install weight sensors and optical sensors to monitor the weight and shape of the garbage in real time, and automatically adjust parameters such as wind speed and feed speed according to these data to realize intelligent screening operation, thereby improving screening efficiency. The structure of the air separator can also be optimized, such as improving the design of the air duct to make the wind distribution more uniform and improve the air separator's ability to sort garbage.

4).Model